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Symptoms of intoxication: Overdosing may lead to severe hypotension, cardiac insufficiency, cardiogenic shock, bradycardia up to cardiac arrest. In addition, respiratory disturbances, bronchial spasms, vomiting, confusion, and generalized cramping may occur.
Treatment of intoxication: In addition to general measures, vital functions have to be checked and corrected, if necessary under intensive care conditions. The following antidotes are suitable: Atropine: 0.5-2 mg as intravenous bolus injection.
Glucagon: Initially 1-10 mg intravenously, afterwards 2-2.5 mg per hour as infusions.
Beta-sympathomimetic drugs, based on body weight and efficacy: Dobutamine, isoprenaline, orciprerialine or epinephrine.
Pacemaker therapy may be indicated in therapy-resistant bradycardia.
Beta-2-sympathomimetic drugs (as aerosol or in case of insufficient activity as injection) or aminophylline, intravenously, can be given in case of bronchial spasm.
In case of convulsion, slow intravenous application of diazepam is recommended.
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