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Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Salbutamol is used as a bronchodilator by direct-action sympathomimetic agent with predominantly β-adrenergic activity and selective action on β2-receptors.
Guaifenesin is an expectorant which increases respiratory tract fluid secretions and helps to loosen phlegm and bronchial secretions. By reducing the viscosity of secretions and increasing sputum volume, guaifenesin increases the efficiency of the cough reflex and of ciliary action in removing accumulated secretions from the trachea and bronchi.
As a result, bronchial drainage is improved and less frequent.
Pharmacological actions: Salbutamol is a β-adrenergic stimulant which has a selective action on the receptors in bronchial muscle.
Guaifenesin, given orally, makes the viscous mucus of the respiratory pathways more fluid facilitating expectoration.
Pharmacokinetics: Relevant Pharmacokinetic data: Salbutamol: Absorption: Oral: Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Metabolism: Liver, primarily to salbutamol 4'-O-sulfate which has little or no β-adrenergic stimulating effect and no β-adrenergic blocking effect.
Elimination: Plasma Half-life: Oral: 2.7 to 5 hours.
Onset of action: Improvement in pulmonary function.
Oral: Within 30 minutes.
Time to peak plasma concentration: Oral: Within 2.5 hours following administration of conventional tablets.
Time to peak effect: Improvement in pulmonary function.
Oral: 2 to 3 hours.
Duration of action: Improvement in pulmonary function.
Oral: 6 hours or longer.
Excretion: Renal: Oral: Approximately 75% of single dose is excreted within 3 days in the urine.
Fecal: Oral: About 4% of an oral dose is excreted in the feces. It is not known if salbutamol is excreted in breast milk.
Guaifenesin: Guaifenesin is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
It is rapidly metabolized and excreted in the urine.
