Trifixime

Each capsule contains: Cefixime (as trihydrate) 200 mg.

Pharmacology: Pharmacokinetics: Only 40% to 50% of an oral dose of cefixime is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, whether taken before or after meals, although the rate of absorption may be decreased in the presence of food. Cefixime is better absorbed from oral suspension than from tablets. Absorption is fairly slow. Peak plasma concentrations of 2 to 3 μg per mL and 3.7 to 4.6 μg per mL have been reported between 2 and 6 hours after single doses of 200 and 400 mg, respectively. The plasma half-life is usually about 3 to 4 hours and may be prolonged when there is renal impairment. About 65% of cefixime in the circulation is bound to plasma proteins.
Information on the distribution of cefixime in body tissues and fluids is limited. It crosses the placenta. Relatively high concentrations may be achieved in bile and urine. About 20% of an oral dose (or 50% of an absorbed dose) is excreted unchanged in the urine within 24 hours. Up to 60% may be eliminated by nonrenal mechanisms; there is no evidence of metabolism but some is probably excreted into the faeces from bile. It is not substantially removed by dialysis.
Microbiology: Antimicrobial Action: Cefixime is a bactericidal antibiotic and is stable to hydrolysis by many beta-lactamases. It has a mode of action and spectrum of activity similar to those of the third-generation cephalosporin cefotaxime, but some Enterobacteriaceae are less susceptible to cefixime. Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis (Branhamella catarrhalis), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are sensitive, including penicillinase producing strains of the Gram-positive bacteria, streptococci are sensitive to cefixime but most strains of staphylococci, enterococci, and Listeria spp. are not.

In the treatment of susceptible infections, including gonorrhea, otitis media, pharyngitis, lower respiratory-tract infections such as bronchitis, and urinary-tract infections.

It is given by mouth in adult doses of 200 to 400 mg daily as a single dose or in two divided doses. Or as prescribed by the physician.
For uncomplicated gonorrhea, a single oral dose of 400 mg is given. Or as prescribed by the physician.

Should not be given to patients who are hypersensitive to it or to other cephalosporins. About 10% of penicillin-sensitive patients may also be allergic to cephalosporins although the true incidence is uncertain; great care should be taken if cefalotin is to be given to such patients. Care is also necessary in patients with a history of allergy.

The most common are hypersensitivity reactions, including skin rashes, urticaria, eosinophilia, fever, reactions resembling serum sickness, and anaphylaxis.
There may be a positive response to the Coombs' test although haemolytic anaemia rarely occurs. Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia have occasionally been reported. Agranulocytosis has been associated rarely with some cephalosporins. Bleeding complications related to hypoprothrombinaemia and/or platelet dysfunction have occurred especially with cephalosporins and cephamycins having a methylthiotetrazole side-chain, including cefamandole, cefbuperazone, cefmenoxime, cefmetazole, cefonicid, cefoperazone, ceforanide, cefotetan, cefpiramide, and latamoxef. The presence of a methylthiadiazolethiol side-chain, as in cefazolin, or a methylthiotriazine ring, as in ceftriaxone, might also be associated with such bleeding disorders.

Store at temperatures not exceeding 30°C.

Cephalosporins

J01DD08 - cefixime ; Belongs to the class of third-generation cephalosporins. Used in the systemic treatment of infections.

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