Trifixime Mechanism of Action

Pharmacology: Pharmacokinetics: Only 40% to 50% of an oral dose of cefixime is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, whether taken before or after meals, although the rate of absorption may be decreased in the presence of food. Cefixime is better absorbed from oral suspension than from tablets. Absorption is fairly slow. Peak plasma concentrations of 2 to 3 μg per mL and 3.7 to 4.6 μg per mL have been reported between 2 and 6 hours after single doses of 200 and 400 mg, respectively. The plasma half-life is usually about 3 to 4 hours and may be prolonged when there is renal impairment. About 65% of cefixime in the circulation is bound to plasma proteins.
Information on the distribution of cefixime in body tissues and fluids is limited. It crosses the placenta. Relatively high concentrations may be achieved in bile and urine. About 20% of an oral dose (or 50% of an absorbed dose) is excreted unchanged in the urine within 24 hours. Up to 60% may be eliminated by nonrenal mechanisms; there is no evidence of metabolism but some is probably excreted into the faeces from bile. It is not substantially removed by dialysis.
Microbiology: Antimicrobial Action: Cefixime is a bactericidal antibiotic and is stable to hydrolysis by many beta-lactamases. It has a mode of action and spectrum of activity similar to those of the third-generation cephalosporin cefotaxime, but some Enterobacteriaceae are less susceptible to cefixime. Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis (Branhamella catarrhalis), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are sensitive, including penicillinase producing strains of the Gram-positive bacteria, streptococci are sensitive to cefixime but most strains of staphylococci, enterococci, and Listeria spp. are not.