Lifezar

HTN, alone or in combination w/ other antihypertensives including diuretics. Decreases risk of CV morbidity & mortality in hypertensive patients w/ left ventricular hypertrophy. Heart failure in patients who cannot tolerate an ACE inhibitor. Diabetic nephropathy w/ elevated serum creatinine & proteinuria (urinary albumin to creatinine ratio ≥300 mg/g) in patients w/ type 2 diabetes & history of HTN.

Individualized dosage. HTN Adult Usual initial & maintenance dose: 50 mg once daily, may be increased to 100 mg once daily. Patient w/ intravascular vol-depletion (eg, those treated w/ high-dose diuretics) & history of liver disease Initially 25 mg once daily. Patient w/ moderate to severe renal disease & those on dialysis 25 mg once daily. Childn ≥6 yr weighing ≥50 kg 50 mg daily. Max: 100 mg daily, ≥20-<50 kg 25 mg daily. Max: 50 mg daily. Hypertensive patient w/ left ventricular hypertrophy Initially 50 mg once daily. Add hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg daily &/or increase dose to 100 mg once daily followed by increase in hydrochlorothiazide to 25 mg once daily based on BP response. Heart failure Initially 12.5 mg once daily, titrated at wkly intervals (ie, 12.5 mg daily, 25 mg daily, 50 mg daily) to usual maintenance dose of 50 mg once daily as tolerated. Nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patient Initially 50 mg once daily, may be increased to 100 mg once daily.

May be taken with or without food.

Hypersensitivity. Women who are pregnant, trying to get pregnant or suspect that they are pregnant.

Electrolyte imbalances in patients w/ renal impairment w/ or w/o diabetes. May increase BUN & serum creatinine in patients w/ unilateral or bilateral renal artery stenosis. Acute hypotension, azotemia, oliguria or, rarely, acute renal failure in patients whose vascular tone & renal function depend predominantly on activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system eg, patients w/ severe CHF or underlying renal disease, including renal artery stenosis. Excessive hypotension in patients w/ ischemic cardiopathy or ischemic cerebrovascular disease could result in MI or stroke. Correct intravascular vol-depletion (eg, patients treated w/ high-dose diuretics) prior to starting therapy. Monitor serum K levels in type 2 diabetic patients w/ nephropathy treated w/ AIIA. Not to be concomitantly used w/ K-sparing diuretics, K supplements, or K-containing salt substitutes. Patients w/ history of liver impairment. Discontinue use as soon as pregnancy is detected. Lactation. Not recommended in neonates, childn w/ GFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m² & childn w/ hepatic impairment.

Asthenia, chest pain, edema, facial edema, fatigue, fever, infection, flu-like disease, orthostatic effects, syncope, trauma; angina pectoris, arrhythmias including atrial fibrillation, cerebrovascular event/accident, hypotension/orthostatic hypotension, MI, 2nd degree AV block, palpitation, sinus bradycardia, sternalgia, tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia & fibrillation; diabetic nephropathy & vascular disease; abdominal & dental pain, anorexia, constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth, dyspepsia, flatulence, gastritis, nausea, vomiting; hemolysis, anemia, epistaxis, thrombocytopenia (rare); liver function abnormalities, hepatitis (rare); gout, hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, wt gain; elevations of ALT, BUN, serum creatinine, liver enzymes &/or bilirubin; reductions of Hb & hematocrit; arthralgia, arthritis, fibromyalgia, joint swelling, myalgia, muscle cramps & weakness, pain (back, arm, shoulder, hip, leg, knee, musculoskeletal), stiffness, rhabdomyolysis (rare); dizziness, anxiety, anxiety disorder, ataxia, confusion, depression, dream abnormality, dysgeusia, headache, hypesthesia, insomnia, decreased libido, memory impairment, migraine, nervousness, panic disorder, paresthesia, peripheral neuropathy, sleep disorder, somnolence, tremor, vertigo; bronchitis, cough/dry cough, dyspnea, nasal/resp congestion, pharyngeal discomfort, pharyngitis, rhinitis, sinusitis/sinus disorder, URTI; anaphylactic reactions, angioedema (including swelling of larynx & glossitis, causing airway obstruction &/or swelling of face, lips, pharynx, &/or tongue), alopecia, cellulitis, dermatitis, dry skin, ecchymosis, erythema, erythroderma, flushing, photosensitivity, pruritus, rash, sweating, superficial peeling of palms, urticaria, vasculitis including Henoch-Schönlein purpura (rare); blurred vision, burning/stinging in eye, cataract, conjunctivitis, taste perversion, tinnitus, decreased visual acuity; impotence, nocturia, urinary frequency, UTI.

May decrease excretion of lithium. May increase serum K w/ K-sparing diuretics (eg, spironolactone, triamterene, amiloride), K supplements, or K-containing salt substitutes. Antihypertensive effect may be reduced w/ NSAIDs eg, selective COX-2 inhibitors & nonselective NSAIDs. May result in increased risk of worsening of renal function (including possible acute renal failure) & increase in serum K w/ NSAIDs particularly in patients w/ poor preexisting renal function. Decreased conc w/ rifampicin & fluconazole.

Angiotensin II Antagonists

C09CA01 - losartan ; Belongs to the class of angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). Used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.

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