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Although loperamide stops diarrhea, it will not treat the cause of it. Whenever possible, the cause of diarrhea should also be treated.
Fluid and electrolyte depletion often occur in patients with diarrhea. Thus, appropriate fluid and electrolyte intake is very important. The use of loperamide does not substitute the need for appropriate fluid and electrolyte therapy.
Patients with diarrhea should drink oral rehydration solution. Those with acute symptoms without signs of dehydration may drink plenty of water, clear fluids, unsweetened juices, or clear soups. Alcohol or milk should be avoided, as well as fruits, green vegetables, and spicy or fatty foods since they may worsen diarrhea and its symptoms.
May cause loss/depressed level of consciousness, tiredness, dizziness, or drowsiness; patients should observe caution while driving or performing other tasks requiring alertness.
Patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) or Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) who are treated with loperamide + simeticone should stop therapy at the earliest signs of abdominal distension. There have been isolated reports of toxic megacolon in AIDS or HIV patients with infectious colitis from both viral and bacterial pathogens treated with loperamide.
Loperamide should be used with caution in patients with liver impairment since first-pass metabolism may be decreased in such patients and it may lead to CNS toxicity.
Loperamide + simeticone should be used with special caution in young children and those with compromised blood brain barrier (e.g., meningitis) because of the greater variability of response in these groups. Dehydration, particularly in young children, may further influence the variability of response to loperamide + simeticone.
Do not take this medicine for anything other than its intended use.
Do not take more than the recommended dose. Serious health problems (e.g., fast or irregular heartbeat, stopping of heartbeat) may occur (See Overdosage).
When to Consult a Doctor: Is pregnant or breastfeeding.
Is currently taking an anti-infective medicine.
Has fever.
Has mucus in the stool.
Has meningitis (inflammation of the meninges).
Has a history of liver disease.
Has history of abnormal heart rhythm.
Stop use and ask a doctor if: Any undesirable effect occurs or if symptoms get worse.
Diarrhea lasts for more than 2 days.
Blood is present in stools.
Fever or abdominal swelling or bulging develops.
Constipation, abdominal distension, or ileus (blockage of the intestine) occurs.
Dehydration may develop if too much fluid has been lost by the body due to diarrhea.
Consult a doctor if any of the following conditions develop: Decreased urination; Dizziness and lightheadedness; Dryness of mouth; Increased thirst; Wrinkled skin.
