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The symptoms of overdosage are constipation, anorexia, nausea and vomiting with abdominal pain and ileus, muscle weakness, thirst, polyuria, confusion, bone pain due to demineralisation, nephrocalcinosis, renal calculi and in severe cases, cardiac arrhythmias, coma and cardiac arrest.
Treatment: Calcium intake should be reduced at a minimum and large amounts of fluid given to combat dehydration and reduce renal deposition of calcium. In mild to moderate hypercalcaemia, sodium phosphate 2-16 g may be given by mouth.
In more severe cases, IV infusion of sodium phosphate, sodium sulphate, sodium chloride or sodium citrate should be given.
