In cases of overdose patients may experience nausea, vomiting and headaches.
After the accidental or suicidal intake of oral doses of between 10 and 40 g of thioctic acid in conjunction with alcohol, severe intoxications - some of which had a lethal outcome - have been observed. The clinical toxicological profile may manifest itself initially in psychomotor restlessness or clouding of consciousness and is typically associated subsequently with generalised seizures and the formation of lactic acidosis. There have also been descriptions of hypoglycaemias, shock, rhabdomyolysis, haemolysis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), bone marrow depression and multi-organ failure as the intoxication consequences of high doses of thioctic acid.
Therapeutic Measures in Cases of Intoxication: Even if there is only a suspicion of substantial intoxication with thioctic acid (e.g. > 10 tablets of 600 mg each in the case of adults and > 50 mg/kg of body weight in children) the patient should be admitted to a clinic immediately and general treatment measures for cases of poisoning initiated (e.g. induced vomiting, gastrolavage, active charcoal etc.). The treatment of generalised seizures, lactic acidosis and all other life-threatening consequences of intoxication must be carried out in line with the principles of modern intensive care and in accordance with the symptoms. The benefits of the use of haemodialysis, haemoperfusion or filtration techniques in the forced elimination of thioctic acid have not been conclusively demonstrated.
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