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Pharmacology: Pharmacokinetics: Following oral administration in humans, sultamicillin is hydrolyzed during absorption to provide sulbactam and ampicillin. Elimination half-lives 0.75 and 1 hour for sulbactam and ampicillin respectively in healthy volunteers, with 50-75% of each agent excreted in the urine unchanged. Elimination half-life are increased in the elderly and in patients with renal dysfunction. Probenecid decreases the renal tubular secretion of both ampicillin and sulbactam. Concurrent use of probenecid with sultamicillin results in increased and prolonged blood levels.
Microbiology: Sultamicillin is effective against wide range of gram-positive bacteria including: Staphylococcus aureus and epidermis (including penicillin-resistant and some methicillin resistant strains); Branhamelia catarrhalis; anaerobes including Bacteroides fragilis and related species, Escherichia coli; Klebsiella species, Proteus species, (both indole-positive and indole-negative); Enterobacter species; Morganella morganii; Citrobacter species; Neisseria meningitides and Neisseria gonorrhea.
