Ketamax Adverse Reactions

Cardiovascular: Temporary elevation of blood pressure and pulse rate is frequently observed following administration of Ketamine Injection. However, hypotension and bradycardia have been reported. Arrhythmia has also occurred.
The medium peak rise of blood pressure has ranged from 20 to 25 percent of pre-anesthetic values. Depending on the condition of the patient, this elevation of blood pressure may be considered an adverse reaction or a beneficial effect.
Respiratory: Depression of respiration or apnea may occur following too rapid intravenous administration of high doses of Ketamine Injection Laryngospasm and other forms of airway obstruction have occurred during Ketamine anesthesia.
Ocular: Diplopia and nystagmus may occur following Ketamine administration. A slight elevation in intraocular pressure may also occur.
Psychological: During recovery from anesthesia the patient may experience emergence delirium, characterized by vivid dreams (pleasant and unpleasant), with or without psychomotor activity, manifested by confusion and irrational behavior. The fact that these reactions are observed less often in the young (15 years of age or less) makes Ketamine especially useful in pediatric anesthesia. These reactions are also less frequent in the elderly (over 65 years of age) patient. The incidence of emergence reactions is reduced as experience with the drug is gained. No residual psychological effects are known to have resulted from the use of Ketamine.
Neurological: In some patient, enhanced skeletal muscle tone may be manifested by tonic and clonic movements sometimes resembling seizures. These movements do not imply a light plane of anesthesia and are not indicative of a need for additional doses of the anesthetic.
Gastrointestinal: Anorexia, nausea, and vomiting have been observed, however, these are not usually severe. The great majority of patients are able to take liquids by mouth shortly after regaining consciousness.
Other: Local pain and exanthema at the injection site have infrequently been reported. Transient erythema and/or morbilliform rash have also been reported. Increased salivation leading to respiratory difficulties may occur unless an antisialogogue is used.
Symptoms and treatment of overdosage: Respiratory depression can result from an overdosage of Ketamine. Supportive ventilation should be employed. Mechanical support of respiration that will maintain adequate blood oxygen saturation and carbon dioxide elimination is preferred to administration of analeptics.
Ketamine has a wide margin of safety; several instances of unintentional administration of overdoses of Ketamine (up to 10 times that usually required) have been followed by prolonged but complete recovery.