Marcain

Bupivacaine HCl

Surgical anaesth: Epidural block for surgery & field block (minor & major nerve blocks & infiltration). Analgesia: Continuous epidural infusion or intermittent bolus epidural administration for analgesia in post-op or labour pain & field block (minor nerve block & infiltration).

Individualised dosage. Max: 2 mg/kg.

Allergy or hypersensitivity to amide type local anaesth. Epidural or spinal anaesth in patients w/ uncorrected hypotension. Infection &/or septicaemia. Obstet paracervical block, IV regional anaesth (Bier's block) & all IV infusions; epidural related-anaesth.

Hypersensitivity. Major peripheral nerve block. Not for IV administration. Not to be used for post-op IA continuous infusion. Patients w/ impaired CV function; ventricular arrhythmia & fibrillation, sudden CV collapse & death (high systemic conc); epilepsy, impaired cardiac conduction, bradycardia, severe shock or digitalis intoxication; Stokes-Adams or Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome; preexisting neurological or neuromuscular disease eg, myasthenia gravis; serious CNS or spinal cord diseases eg, meningitis, spinal fluid block, cranial or spinal haemorrhage, tumours, poliomyelitis, syphilis, TB or metastatic spinal cord lesions; hyperthyroidism. Avoid inadvertent intravascular inj. Insert IV cannula prior to local anaesth inj. Retro- & peribulbar inj; indwelling epidural catheters, traumatic or repeated epidural/spinal puncture. Monitor CV & resp vital signs & patient's state of consciousness after each inj; signs & symptoms of neurological impairment; fetal heart rate. Concomitant use w/ NSAIDs, platelet inhibitors or other anticoagulants; class III anti-arrhythmic drugs eg, amiodarone. May affect ability to drive & use machines. Advanced hepatic disease, severe renal & hepatic impairment. Pregnancy. Childn <12 yr. Elderly, debilitated patients w/ partial or complete conduction block.

Lightheadedness, nervousness, apprehension, euphoria, confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, tinnitus, blurred vision, diplopia, nausea, vomiting, sensations of heat, cold or numbness, urinary retention, circumoral paraesthesia, paraesthesia, hyperacusis, twitching, tremors, convulsions, unconsciousness, resp depression &/or arrest, agitation, tongue numbness, difficulty swallowing, slurred speech; bradycardia, hypotension, CV collapse which may lead to cardiac arrest; maternal hypotension; spinal block of varying magnitude (including total spinal block), hypotension secondary to spinal block, loss of bladder, bowel control, perineal sensation & sexual function; persistent motor, sensory &/or autonomic (sphincter control) deficit; backache & headache; paresis, paraplegia, neuropathy, peripheral nerve injury, arachnoiditis; inadvertent subarachnoid inj may lead to CNS depression, resp arrest & CV collapse; cutaneous lesions, urticaria, oedema or anaphylactoid reactions.

Potentiated cardiac effects w/ amide-type local anaesth eg, mexiletine, lignocaine. Precipitation w/ alkaline soln eg, carbonates. Concomitant use w/ class III anti-arrhythmic drugs eg, amiodarone.

Anaesthetics - Local & General

N01BB01 - bupivacaine ; Belongs to the class of amides. Used as local anesthetics.

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