Triocef Pfos Mechanism of Action

Pharmacotherapeutic group: antibacterial for systemic use, belonging to the class of cephalosporins.
Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Mode of action: Cefixime is an antibiotic belonging to the third generation cephalosporin group. Like other cephalosporins, cefixime exerts antibacterial activity by binding to and inhibiting the action of penicillin-binding proteins involved in the synthesis of bacterial cell walls. This leads to bacterial cell lysis and cell death.
Mechanism of resistance: Bacterial resistance to cefixime may be due to one or more of the following mechanisms: Hydrolysis by extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and/or by chromosomally-encoded (AmpC) enzymes that may be induced or de-repressed in certain aerobic gram negative bacterial species.
Reduced affinity of penicillin-binding proteins.
Reduced permeability of the outer membrane of certain gram-negative organisms restricting access to penicillin-binding proteins.
Drug efflux pumps.
More than one of these mechanisms of resistance may co-exist in a single bacterial cell. Depending on the mechanism(s) present, bacteria may express cross-resistance to several or all beta-lactams and/or antibacterial drugs of other classes.
Pharmacokinetics: Cefixime, given orally is about 40% to 50% absorbed whether administered with or without food; however, time for maximal absorption is increased approximately 0.8 hours when administered with food without alteration in other pharmacokinetic parameters.
A single 200 mg tablet of Cefixime produces an average peak serum concentration of approximately 2.7 mcg/mL. No biologically active metabolites of Cefixime have been discovered. It is approximately 70% protein bound. Very high concentration is found in bile and hence used in biliary tract infections.
The mean elimination half life is 3 hours. Urinary excretion accounts for between 12% to 34% of orally administered dose. The biliary recovery of Cefixime in 24 hours is 5% of orally administered dose.
The t1/2 is prolonged in patients with severely impaired renal function. Hence dosage adjustment is necessary in severe renal impairment i.e. Creatinine clearance < 20 mL/min. Peak serum concentration following oral administration of the absorbed dose is excreted unchanged in the urine in 24 hours.