Signs and Symptoms: The B-complex vitamins (Vitamins B1, B2, B6, B12, Niacin) are relatively non-toxic. However, long term (i.e. two months or longer) administration of large (megadose) dosages (e.g., usually 2 grams or more daily) of Vitamin B6 can cause neurological symptoms manifested as paresthesia (more noticeable at night and limited to the extremities), bone pains, hyperesthesia (described as burning, pricking, stinging, or itching), muscle weakness, fasciculation (described as twitching, restlessness or fidgeting), numbness on the limbs and face.
Vitamin A: Chronic daily Vitamin A intakes in excess of 10,000 IU or weekly intakes in excess of 25,000 IU have resulted in hypervitaminosis A.
Excessive Vitamin A intake (more than 10,000 IU daily) is hazardous when taken during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy.
Excessive Vitamin A intake during pregnancy may lead to birth defects such as cleft palate, heart abnormalities and brain malformations, e.g., hydrocephalus and microcephaly (baby with very small head).
Vitamin D: Hypervitaminosis D is rare but potentially serious condition. It occurs when the patient takes in too much vitamin D. It's usually the result of taking high-dose vitamin D supplements.
Some prescription medications used to treat high blood pressure (thiazide diuretics) and heart diseases (digoxin) can cause an increase in vitamin D in the blood.
Estrogen therapy, taking antacids for long time, and isoniazid, an antituberculosis medication, can also cause elevated levels of Vitamin D.
The Mayo Clinic states that the recommended dietary allowance of vitamin D for most adults is 600 international units a day (IU). Doctors may prescribe higher doses to treat medical conditions such as
vitamin D deficiency, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, for a short period of time. Daily use of vitamin D supplements for several months is toxic.
Patient is likely to develop hypervitaminosis D if taking vitamin D supplements and have other existing health problems, such as: kidney disease, liver disease, tuberculosis, hyperparathyroidism, sarcoidosis,
histoplasmosis.
An excess of Vitamin D causes abnormally high blood concentrations of calcium, which can cause overcalcification of the bones, soft tissues, heart and kidneys. In addition, hypertension can result. Symptoms of vitamin D toxicity may include the metastatic calcification of the soft tissues.
Hypervitaminosis D symptoms appear several months after excessive doses of vitamin D are administered. In almost every case, a low-calcium diet combined with corticosteroid drugs will allow for a full recovery within a month.
If the patient has taken more than the recommended dosage, consult the doctor or contact the Poison Control Center right away.
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