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Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Levofloxacin is generally considered to be about twice as active as ofloxacin, the racemic substance.
Levofloxacin has a broad spectrum of activity which includes Gram-positive bacteria.
Pharmacokinetics: Levofloxacin is rapidly and almost completely absorbed after oral doses with peak plasma concentrations occurring within 1 to 2 hours. It is widely distributed into body tissues including the bronchial mucosa and lungs, but penetration into CSF is relatively poor.
Levofloxacin is about 30 to 40% bound to plasma proteins. Only small amounts are metabolised, to inactive metabolites. The elimination half-life of levofloxacin is 6 to 8 hours, although this may be prolonged in patients with renal impairment. Levofloxacin is excreted largely unchanged, primarily in the urine with less than 5% as metabolites. It is not removed by haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.
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