Kenzipine

Moderate to severe HTN where immediate correction of BP is required (eg, hypertensive emergency or urgencies). Peri- & post-op HTN. Short-term treatment of essential HTN when oral therapy is not feasible or desirable.

Individualized dosage. As a substitute for oral nicardipine Equiv IV infusion rate: 0.5 mg/hr (for oral 20 mg every 8 hr); 1.2 mg/hr (for oral 30 mg every 8 hr); 2.2 mg/hr (for 40 mg every 8 hr). Initiation of therapy in patient not currently receiving antihypertensive therapy Administer 0.1 mg/mL by slow continuous IV infusion. Gradual BP reduction Initially 50 mL/hr (5 mg/hr), may increase infusion rate by 25 mL/hr (2.5 mg/hr) every 15 min if optimal BP is not achieved at initial dose. Max: 150 mL/hr (15 mg/hr). More rapid BP reduction Initially 50 mL/hr (5 mg/hr), may increase infusion rate by 25 mL/hr (2.5 mg/hr) every 5 min if optimal BP is not achieved at initial dose. Max: 150 mL/hr (15 mg/hr). Maintenance Decrease infusion rate to 30 mL/hr (3 mg/hr) following achievement of BP goal.

Hypersensitivity. Advanced aortic stenosis.

Avoid in patients w/ acute cerebral infarction or hemorrhage, & systemic hypotension. Rapid decreases in BP. Patients w/ angina; CHF, especially those receiving concomitant β-adrenergic blocking agents; reduced hepatic blood flow; pheochromocytoma. Administer through central veins rather than arteries or small peripheral veins (eg, those on the dorsum of the hand or wrist) to decrease the possibility of venous thrombosis, phlebitis, local irritation, swelling, extravasation, & rarely, vascular impairment. Monitor BP & heart rate during & after infusion. Avoid too rapid or excessive reduction in either systolic or diastolic BP during parenteral treatment. Impaired liver or renal function. Pregnancy. Not recommended during lactation. Childn <18 yr. Elderly.

Asthenia, chest pain, fever, neck pain, malaise, fatigue, peripheral or facial edema, infection, arthralgia; hypotension, postural hypotension, exertional hypotension, tachycardia, ECG abnormality, ventricular extra systoles, extra systoles, hemopericardium, HTN, supraventricular tachycardia, syncope, vasodilation, ventricular tachycardia, angina pectoris, AV block, ST segment depression, inverted T wave, DVT, sick sinus syndrome, flushing, palpitations, MI, atrial fibrillation, pericarditis, peripheral vascular disorder; abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth, anorexia, heartburn; hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, hyperglycemia, abnormal hepatic function test results, increased plasma renin conc; headache, dizziness, hypesthesia, intracranial hemorrhage, paresthesia, confusion, hypertonia, somnolence, insomnia, hot flashes, vertigo, hyperkinesia, impotence, mental depression, anxiety, CVA, cerebral ischemia, lassitude, nervousness, lightheadedness; thrombocytopenia; dyspnea, resp disorder, rhinitis, sinusitis; sweating, inj site reaction & pain, rash; polyuria, hematuria, increased urinary frequency, nocturia, urinary retention; conjunctivitis, abnormal or blurred vision, ear disorder, tinnitus.

Excessive decrease in BP & reduction in cardiac function in patients w/ CHF w/ β-blockers (eg, propranolol). Increased plasma levels w/ cimetidine. May increase plasma levels of digitalis prep (eg, digoxin) & ciclosporin. May cause hypotension w/ fentanyl anesth. Concomitant use w/ other antihypertensive.

Calcium Antagonists

C08CA04 - nicardipine ; Belongs to the class of dihydropyridine derivative selective calcium-channel blockers with mainly vascular effects. Used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

Rx