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Pharmacotherapeutic group: Antibacterial drugs for systemic use. Fluoroquinolones. Ciprofloxacin. ATC code: J01M А02.
Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Cipronat has a wide antibacterial range, including strains resistant to many antibiotics and sulfanilamides. It is highly active primarily against aerobic gram-negative bacteria, and active against some gram-positive and intracellular
microorganisms: E. Coli, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Enterobacter spp., Serratia spp., Citrobacter spp., Hafnia spp., Yersinia spp., Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium fortuitum, Neisseria spp., Haemophilus influenzae, Brucella spp., Vibrio spp., Providencia spp., Chlamydia spp., Campylobacter spp., Aeromonas spp., Plesiomonas spp.
Cipronat is also effective against beta-lactamase producing bacteria.
Treponema pallidum is not sensitive to ciprofloxacin.
The drug has a bactericidal effect. The mechanism of the bactericidal effect of Cipronat is associated with inhibition of bacterial DNA-gyrase, leading to their death. Ciprofloxacin also damages the bacterial cell membrane, causing expulsion of the cellular content. It is effective both in bacteria division stage and in steady stage. No cross-resistance with
antibiotics and other antibacterial drugs, except for fluoroquinolones, is seen.
Pharmacokinetics: Ciprofloxacin easily penetrates into organs and tissues, forming high concentrations in saliva, phlegm, bronchial fluid, lungs, bile, gall bladder, prostate, urine, skin and bones.
Peak blood plasma concentration of ciprofloxacin (after intravenous infusion of 200 mg at 30 minutes) is achieved immediately. Half-life of the drug is 3 to 5 hours. The drug is metabolized in liver, forming low-active metabolites. 75-90% of the drug is eliminated with urine; the drug is found in the urine within 20-24 hours even after a single dose.
