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Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Celecoxib is an NSAID reported to be a selective inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2), resulting in decreased prostaglandin synthesis, thereby reducing inflammation, fever and pain mechanism. Because celecoxib does not inhibit COX-1 at therapeutic levels, the reduction in symptoms of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis may have a lower risk of adverse peripheral effects.
Pharmacokinetics: Celecoxib is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, peak plasma concentrations being achieved after about 3 hours. Protein binding is approximately 97%. Celecoxib is metabolized predominantly by the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme CYP2C9; the three identified metabolites are inactive as inhibitors of COX-1 or COX-2 enzymes. It is eliminated mainly as metabolites in the feces and urine; less than 3% is recovered as unchanged drug. The effective terminal half-life is about 11 hours.
