Ophthalmic Mydriasis and cycloplegia for refraction
Adult: As 0.5%, 1%, or 2% ophthalmic solution: Instil 1-2 drops into each eye approx 40-50 minutes prior to the procedure; may repeat after 5-10 minutes if necessary. Deeply pigmented iris may require the use of higher strengths. Dosage and treatment recommendations may vary among individual products and between countries (refer to specific product guidelines). Child: 3 months to 11 years As 1% ophthalmic solution: Instil 1 drop into each eye 30-60 minutes prior to the procedure; 12-17 years As 0.5% ophthalmic solution: Instil 1 drop into each eye 30-60 minutes prior to the procedure. Doses may be repeated after approx 10 minutes if necessary. Deeply pigmented iris may require the use of higher strengths. Dosage and treatment recommendations may vary among individual products or between countries (refer to specific product guidelines).
Ophthalmic Uveitis
Adult: As 0.5% or 1% ophthalmic solution: Instil 1-2 drops into the affected eye(s) 6-8 hourly. Deeply pigmented iris may require the use of higher strengths. Treatment recommendations may vary among individual products and between countries (refer to specific product guidelines). Child: 3 months to 17 years As 0.5% ophthalmic solution: Instil 1 drop into the affected eye(s) 2-4 times daily. For deeply pigmented eyes, the 1% ophthalmic solution should be used. Treatment recommendations may vary among individual products and between countries (refer to specific product guidelines).
What are the brands available for Cyclopentolate in Malaysia?
Cyclogyl
Minims Cyclopentolate
Contraindications
Narrow-angle glaucoma or predisposition to glaucoma (e.g. shallow anterior chamber).
Special Precautions
Patient with Down syndrome, spastic paralysis or brain damage (especially in children), darkly pigmented iris (more resistant to pupillary dilatation). Children and elderly. Pregnancy and lactation.
Adverse Reactions
Significant: CNS disturbances (especially with the use of higher concentrations); transient elevation of IOP; psychotic reactions and behavioural disturbances such as disorientation, incoherent speech, transient psychosis, seizures, visual disturbances (particularly in children). Cardiac disorders: Tachycardia, arrhythmias, palpitations. Eye disorders: Eye irritation, eye pain, mydriasis, accommodation disorder, hyperaemia, blurred vision, conjunctivitis, photophobia. Gastrointestinal disorders: Constipation, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting. Immune system disorders: Hypersensitivity reaction. Nervous system disorders: Dizziness, headache. Renal and urinary disorders: Urinary retention. Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Dry skin. Vascular disorders: Flushing.
This drug may cause drowsiness, sensitivity to light, and temporary blurring of vision upon administration, if affected, do not drive or operate machinery. Remove contact lenses before administration and reinsert them after 15 minutes. Protect the eyes from bright light during dilation.
Monitoring Parameters
Perform tonometric examinations and estimation of the depth of the anterior chamber prior to treatment initiation.
May enhance the anticholinergic effects of other drugs with anticholinergic activity (e.g. antihistamines, phenothiazines, TCAs, amantadine, quinidine, disopyramide, oxybutynin). May diminish the therapeutic effect of carbachol, pilocarpine, or other ophthalmic cholinesterase inhibitors.
Action
Description: Mechanism of Action: Cyclopentolate is a tertiary amine antimuscarinic agent. It blocks the action of acetylcholine, leading to the relaxation of the cholinergically innervated sphincter muscle of the iris. Additionally, this action prevents responses to cholinergic stimulation of the accommodative ciliary muscle of the lens, thereby inducing mydriasis and cycloplegia. Onset: Peak effect: 25-75 minutes (cycloplegia); within 15-60 minutes (mydriasis). Duration: 6-24 hours (cycloplegia); ≤24 hours (mydriasis). Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: May be systemically absorbed through transcorneal absorption, direct topical absorption in the skin, or from the nasal or nasolacrimal system.
Chemical Structure
Cyclopentolate Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 2905, Cyclopentolate. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Cyclopentolate. Accessed Feb. 25, 2025.
Storage
Store below 25°C. Do not freeze. Protect from light. Storage recommendations may vary among individual products and between countries and (refer to specific product guidelines).
S01FA04 - cyclopentolate ; Belongs to the class of anticholinergics used as mydriatics and cycloplegics.
References
Alcon Laboratories (New Zealand) Limited. Cyclogyl Eye Drops 1.0% data sheet 20 June 2023. Medsafe. http://www.medsafe.govt.nz. Accessed 28/11/2024.Anon. Cyclopentolate. AHFS Clinical Drug Information [online]. Bethesda, MD. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. https://www.ahfscdi.com. Accessed 28/11/2024.Brayfield A, Cadart C (eds). Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 28/11/2024.Cyclogyl 1% Sterile Ophthalmic Solution (Alcon Laboratories [Malaysia] Sdn. Bhd.). National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency - Ministry of Health Malaysia. https://www.npra.gov.my. Accessed 28/11/2024.Cyclogyl Solution/Drops (Alcon Laboratories, Inc.). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed. Accessed 28/11/2024.Cyclopentolate. UpToDate Lexidrug, Lexi-Drugs Multinational Online. Waltham, MA. UpToDate, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 28/11/2024.Joint Formulary Committee. Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride. British National Formulary [online]. London. BMJ Group and Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 28/11/2024.Minims Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride 0.5%, 1% (Bausch & Lomb UK Limited). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 28/11/2024.
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