Oral Radiation protection against radioactive iodine
Adult: To prevent thyroidal uptake of radioactive iodine during nuclear radiation emergency: As tab: 130 mg once daily. Treatment duration is based on exposure risk. Child: To prevent thyroidal uptake of radioactive iodine during nuclear radiation emergency: As tab: >1 month to 3 years 32.5 mg once daily; >3-12 years 65 mg once daily; >12-18 years weighing <68 kg: 65 mg once daily; ≥68 kg: Same as adult dose. Treatment duration is based on exposure risk. Dosing recommendations may vary among individual products and between countries (refer to specific product guidelines).
Oral Cough
Adult: For the symptomatic treatment of chronic pulmonary diseases complicated by mucous: As solution: 300-600 mg (0.3-0.6 mL) 3-4 times daily. Treatment recommendations may vary among individual products and between countries (refer to specific product guidelines).
What are the brands available for Potassium iodide in Indonesia?
Dermatitis herpetiformis, hypocomplementaemic vasculitis, nodular thyroid condition with heart disease.
Special Precautions
Patient with history of or current thyrotoxicosis; asymptomatic nodular goitre or latent Graves' disease; adrenal insufficiency (e.g. Addison's disease), acute dehydration, heat cramp, acute bronchitis, cardiac disease, myotonia congenita, tuberculosis. Not indicated as prophylaxis for ingested contamination. Renal impairment. Neonates and children. Pregnancy and lactation.
Adverse Reactions
Significant: Hypersensitivity (e.g. angioedema, cutaneous or mucosal haemorrhage, serum sickness-like symptoms including fever, arthralgia, lymph node enlargement, eosinophilia); acne flare-ups and/or dermatitis; hypothyroidism (prolonged use). Cardiac disorders: Cardiac arrhythmias. Gastrointestinal disorders: Diarrhoea, gastric distress, gastrointestinal haemorrhage, nausea, sialadenitis, stomach pain, vomiting. General disorders and administration site conditions: Asthenia, fatigue. Psychiatric disorders: Confusion. Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Rash.
Monitor thyroid function test. Assess for signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.
Overdosage
Symptoms: Headache, pain and swelling of salivary glands, fever, laryngitis, swelling or inflammation of the throat, gastrointestinal upset, diarrhoea, pulmonary oedema; corrosive injury of the gastrointestinal tract, renal damage, cardiopulmonary collapse; oedema of the glottis resulting in asphyxia or aspiration pneumonia. Management: May consider giving activated charcoal within 1 hour of ingestion. Give starch-based food or milk. Replace electrolyte and water losses and maintain circulation. May administer pethidine or morphine sulfate for pain. May perform tracheostomy or haemodialysis.
Drug Interactions
Increased risk of hyperkalaemia with K-sparing diuretics (e.g. amiloride, triamterene, aldosterone antagonists) and ACE inhibitors (e.g. captopril, enalapril). Altered effects on the thyroid with amiodarone and lithium. Increased risk of hypothyroid and goitrogenic effects with lithium carbonate.
Lab Interference
May alter thyroid function tests.
Action
Description: Mechanism of Action: Potassium iodide increases respiratory tract secretions, which results in reduced mucus viscosity. Additionally, after radioactive iodine exposure, potassium iodide inhibits radioactive iodine uptake by the thyroid, thus decreasing the risk of thyroid cancer. Pharmacokinetics: Distribution: Crosses the placenta and enters breast milk. Excretion: Mainly via urine; faeces, saliva, sweat (smaller amounts).
Chemical Structure
Potassium iodide Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 4875, Potassium Iodide. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Potassium-Iodide. Accessed Oct. 25, 2024.
Storage
Store below 25°C. Protect from light and moisture.
R05CA02 - potassium iodide ; Belongs to the class of expectorants. Used in the treatment of wet cough. V03AB21 - potassium iodide ; Belongs to the class of antidotes. Used in the management of radioisotope and heavy metal poisoning.
References
Anon. Potassium Iodide. AHFS Clinical Drug Information [online]. Bethesda, MD. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. https://www.ahfscdi.com. Accessed 02/10/2024.Brayfield A, Cadart C (eds). Iodine. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 02/10/2024.Iostat Tablet (Anbex Inc.). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed. Accessed 02/10/2024.Potassium Iodide (Pediatric and Neonatal Lexi-Drugs). UpToDate Lexidrug, Pediatric and Neonatal Lexi-Drugs Online. Waltham, MA. UpToDate, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 02/10/2024.Potassium Iodide 65 mg Tablets (G.L. Pharma GmbH). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 02/10/2024.Potassium Iodide Solution (Mission Pharmacal Company). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed. Accessed 02/10/2024.Potassium Iodide, KI. Gold Standard Drug Database in ClinicalKey [online]. Elsevier Inc. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed 02/10/2024.Potassium Iodide. UpToDate Lexidrug, Lexi-Drugs Multinational Online. Waltham, MA. UpToDate, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 02/10/2024.SSKI Solution (Avondale Pharmaceuticals, LLC). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed. Accessed 02/10/2024.ThySat 65 mg Tablets (Hameln Pharma Ltd). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 02/10/2024.
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