Mayzent Drug Interactions

Antineoplastic, immune-modulating or immunosuppressive therapies: Siponimod has not been studied in combination with antineoplastic, immune-modulating or immunosuppressive therapies. Caution should be exercised during concomitant administration due to the risk of additive immune effects during such therapy and in the weeks after administration of any of these medicinal products is stopped (see Precautions).
Due to the characteristics and duration of alemtuzumab immune suppressive effects described in its product information, initiating treatment with siponimod after alemtuzmab is not recommended unless the benefits of treatment clearly outweigh the risks for the individual patient (see Precautions).
Anti-arrhythmic medicinal products, QT-prolonging medicinal products, medicinal products that may decrease heart rate: During treatment initiation siponimod should not be concomitantly used in patients receiving class Ia (e.g. quinidine, procainamide) or class III (e.g. amiodarone, sotalol) anti-arrhythmic medicinal products, QT-prolonging medicinal products with known arrhythmogenic properties, heart-rate-lowering calcium channel blockers (such as verapamil or diltiazem) or other substances that may decrease heart rate (e.g. ivabradine or digoxin) because of the potential additive effects on heart rate (see Precautions). No data are available for concomitant use of these medicinal products with siponimod. Concomitant use of these substances during treatment initiation may be associated with severe bradycardia and heart block. Because of the potential additive effect on heart rate, treatment with siponimod should generally not be initiated in patients who are concurrently treated with these substances (see Precautions). If treatment with siponimod is considered, advice from a cardiologist should be sought regarding the switch to non-heart-rate-lowering medicinal products or appropriate monitoring for treatment initiation.
Beta blockers: Caution should be exercised when siponimod is initiated in patients receiving beta blockers due to the additive effects on lowering heart rate (see Precautions). Beta-blocker treatment can be initiated in patients receiving stable doses of siponimod.
The negative chronotropic effect of co-administration of siponimod and propranolol was evaluated in a dedicated pharmacodynamic/safety study. The addition of propranolol on top of siponimod pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic steady state had less pronounced negative chronotropic effects (less than additive) in comparison to addition of siponimod on top of propranolol pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic steady state (additive HR effect).
Vaccination: The use of live attenuated vaccines may carry the risk of infection and should therefore be avoided during siponimod treatment and for up to 4 weeks after treatment (see Precautions).
During and for up to 4 weeks after treatment with siponimod vaccinations may be less effective. The efficacy of vaccination is not considered to be compromised if siponimod treatment is paused 1 week prior to vaccination until 4 weeks after (see Precautions).
Potential of other medicinal products to affect siponimod pharmacokinetics: Siponimod is metabolised primarily by cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) (79.3%) and to a lesser extent by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) (18.5%). CYP2C9 is a polymorphic enzyme and the drug-drug interaction (DDI) effect in the presence of CYP3A or CYP2C9 perpetrator drugs is predicted to be dependent on the CYP2C9 genotype.
CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 inhibitors: Because of a significant increase in exposure to siponimod, concomitant use of siponimod and medicinal products that cause moderate CYP2C9 and moderate or strong CYP3A4 inhibition is not recommended. This concomitant drug regimen can consist of a moderate CYP2C9/CYP3A4 dual inhibitor (e.g. fluconazole) or a moderate CYP2C9 inhibitor in combination with a separate moderate or strong CYP3A4 inhibitor.
The co-administration of fluconazole (moderate CYP2C9/strong CYP3A4 inhibitor) 200 mg daily at steady state and a single dose of siponimod 4 mg in healthy volunteers with a CYP2C9*1*1 genotype led to a 2-fold increase in the area under the curve (AUC) of siponimod. According to evaluation of the drug interaction potential using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling, a maximum of a 2-fold increase in the AUC of siponimod is predicted across genotypes with any type of CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 inhibitors except for patients with a CYP2C9*2*2 genotype. In CYP2C9*2*2 patients, a 2.7-fold increase in the AUC of siponimod is expected in the presence of moderate CYP2C9/CYP3A4 inhibitors.
CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 inducers: Siponimod may be combined with most types of CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 inducers. However, because of an expected reduction in siponimod exposure, the appropriateness and possible benefit of the treatment should be considered when siponimod is combined: with strong CYP3A4/moderate CYP2C9 inducers (e.g. carbamazepine) in all patients regardless of genotype; with moderate CYP3A4 inducers (e.g. modafinil) in patients with a CYP2C9*1*3 or *2*3 genotype.
A significant reduction of siponimod exposure (by up to 76% and 51%, respectively) is expected under these conditions according to evaluation of the drug interaction potential using PBPK modelling. The co-administration of siponimod 2 mg daily in the presence of 600 mg daily doses of rifampin (strong CYP3A4 and moderate CYP2C9 inducer) decreased siponimod AUC_tau,ss and C_max,ss by 57% and 45%, respectively, in CY2C9*1*1 subjects.
Oral contraceptives: Co-administration with siponimod did not reveal clinically relevant effects on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the combined ethinylestradiol and levonorgestrel oral contraceptive. Therefore the efficacy of the investigated oral contraceptive was maintained under siponimod treatment.
No interaction studies have been performed with oral contraceptives containing other progestagens, however an effect of siponimod on the efficacy of oral contraceptives is not expected.