Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid: Chỉ định, Liều dùng, ...

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Thông tin thuốc gốc

Chỉ định và Liều dùng

Intravenous
Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, Bone and joint infections, Community-acquired pneumonia, Cystitis, Dental abscess with spreading cellulitis, Ear, nose and/or throat infections, Genitourinary infections, Infected animal bites, Intra-abdominal infections, Lower respiratory tract infections, Osteomyelitis, Pyelonephritis, Skin and soft tissue infections, Upper respiratory tract infections

Adult: Individualise dosing based on the expected susceptible pathogens, severity and site of infection, age, weight and renal function of the patient.
Amoxicillin 500 mg and clavulanic acid 100 mg powder for solution for inj or infusion
Amoxicillin 1,000 mg and clavulanic acid 200 mg powder for solution for inj or infusion
1,000 mg/200 mg 8 hourly via slow inj over 3-4 minutes or via infusion over 30-40 minutes. In more serious infections, frequency may be increased to 6 hourly intervals. Treatment duration should be according to patient's response and must not be extended beyond 14 days without reassessment.

Amoxicillin 2,000 mg and clavulanic acid 200 mg powder for solution for infusion
2,000 mg/200 mg 12 hourly via infusion over 30-40 minutes. For very severe infections, may increase dose to a Max of 2,000 mg/200 mg 8 hourly. Treatment duration should be according to patient's response and must not be extended beyond 14 days without reassessment. Recommendations may vary among countries and between individual products (refer to local or specific product guidelines).
Child: Individualise dosing based on the expected susceptible pathogens, severity and site of infection, age, weight and renal function of the patient.
Amoxicillin 500 mg and clavulanic acid 100 mg powder for solution for inj or infusion
Amoxicillin 1,000 mg and clavulanic acid 200 mg powder for solution for inj or infusion
<3 months or weighing <4 kg: 25 mg/5 mg/kg 12 hourly via infusion over 30-40 minutes; ≥3 months weighing <40 kg: 25 mg/5 mg/kg 8 hourly via slow inj over 3-4 minutes or via infusion over 30-40 minutes; ≥40 kg: Same as adult dose. Treatment duration should be according to patient's response and must not be extended beyond 14 days without reassessment.

Amoxicillin 2,000 mg and clavulanic acid 200 mg powder for solution for infusion
<3 months or weighing <4 kg: 50 mg/5 mg/kg 12 hourly; ≥3 months weighing <40 kg: 50 mg/5 mg/kg 8 hourly. Doses must be administered via infusion over 30-40 minutes; ≥40 kg: Same as adult dose. Treatment duration should be according to patient's response and must not be extended beyond 14 days without reassessment. Recommendations may vary among countries and between individual products (refer to local or specific product guidelines).

Intravenous
Prophylaxis of surgical infections

Adult: Amoxicillin 500 mg and clavulanic acid 100 mg powder for solution for inj or infusion
Amoxicillin 1,000 mg and clavulanic acid 200 mg powder for solution for inj or infusion
Amoxicillin 2,000 mg and clavulanic acid 200 mg powder for solution for infusion
In major surgical procedures involving the head and neck, cardiac, gastrointestinal tract, biliary tract, renal, joint replacement, and pelvic cavity: For procedures <1 hour duration: 1,000 mg/200 mg to 2,000 mg/200 mg given at induction of anaesthesia. For procedures >1 hour duration: 1,000 mg/200 mg to 2,000 mg/200 mg given at induction of anaesthesia, with up to 3 doses of 1,000 mg/200 mg in 24 hours. Doses may be administered via slow inj over 3-4 minutes (for 500 mg/100 mg or 1,000 mg/200 mg only) or via infusion over 30-40 minutes. Administer normal IV or oral treatment course post-operatively if clear signs of infection at operation is observed. Recommendations may vary among countries and between individual products (refer to local or specific product guidelines).

Oral
Acute bacterial sinusitis, Cystitis, Dental abscess with spreading cellulitis, Infected animal bites, Pyelonephritis, Skin and soft tissue infections, Urinary tract infections

Adult: Amoxicillin 250 mg and clavulanic acid 125 mg conventional tab
Amoxicillin 500 mg and clavulanic acid 125 mg conventional tab
Amoxicillin 875 mg and clavulanic acid 125 mg conventional tab
Amoxicillin 125 mg and clavulanic acid 31.25 mg per 5 mL oral susp
Amoxicillin 250 mg and clavulanic acid 62.5 mg per 5 mL oral susp
Individualise dosing based on the expected susceptible pathogens, severity and site of infection, age, weight and renal function of the patient. As conventional tab: 250 mg/125 mg tid, or 500 mg/125 mg bid or tid, or 875 mg/125 mg bid. For sinusitis and UTI: May give a higher dose of 875 mg/125 mg tid. As oral susp: 500 mg/125 mg tid. Treatment duration should be according to patient's response and must not be extended beyond 14 days without reassessment. Recommendations may vary among countries and between individual products (refer to local or specific product guidelines).
Child: Individualise dosing based on the expected susceptible pathogens, severity and site of infection, age, weight and renal function of the patient.
Amoxicillin 125 mg and clavulanic acid 31.25 mg per 5 mL oral susp
Amoxicillin 250 mg and clavulanic acid 62.5 mg per 5 mL oral susp
<40 kg: 20 mg/5 mg/kg daily to 60 mg/15 mg/kg daily given in 3 divided doses; ≥40 kg: Same as adult dose. Treatment duration should be according to patient's response and must not be extended beyond 14 days without reassessment.

Amoxicillin 200 mg and clavulanic acid 28.5 mg per 5 mL oral susp
Amoxicillin 400 mg and clavulanic acid 57 mg per 5 mL oral susp
<40 kg: 25 mg/3.6 mg/kg daily to 45 mg/6.4 mg/kg daily given in 2 divided doses. For sinusitis: Up to 70 mg/10 mg/kg daily may be given in 2 divided doses. Treatment duration should be according to patient's response and must not be extended beyond 14 days without reassessment.

Amoxicillin 250 mg and clavulanic acid 125 mg conventional tab
Amoxicillin 500 mg and clavulanic acid 125 mg conventional tab
Amoxicillin 875 mg and clavulanic acid 125 mg conventional tab
≥40 kg: Same as adult dose. Treatment duration should be according to patient's response and must not be extended beyond 14 days without reassessment. Recommendations may vary among countries and between individual products (refer to local or specific product guidelines).

Oral
Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, Acute otitis media, Bone and joint infections, Community-acquired pneumonia, Lower respiratory tract infections, Osteomyelitis

Adult: Amoxicillin 500 mg and clavulanic acid 125 mg conventional tab
Amoxicillin 875 mg and clavulanic acid 125 mg conventional tab
Amoxicillin 125 mg and clavulanic acid 31.25 mg per 5 mL oral susp
Amoxicillin 250 mg and clavulanic acid 62.5 mg per 5 mL oral susp
Individualise dosing based on the expected susceptible pathogens, severity and site of infection, age, weight and renal function of the patient. As conventional tab: 500 mg/125 mg bid or tid, or 875 mg/125 mg bid. For otitis media and lower respiratory tract infections: May give a higher dose of 875 mg/125 mg tid. As oral susp: 500 mg/125 mg tid. Treatment duration should be according to patient's response and must not be extended beyond 14 days without reassessment. Recommendations may vary among countries and between individual products (refer to local or specific product guidelines).
Child: Individualise dosing based on the expected susceptible pathogens, severity and site of infection, age, weight and renal function of the patient.
Amoxicillin 125 mg and clavulanic acid 31.25 mg per 5 mL oral susp
Amoxicillin 250 mg and clavulanic acid 62.5 mg per 5 mL oral susp
<40 kg: 20 mg/5 mg/kg daily to 60 mg/15 mg/kg daily given in 3 divided doses; ≥40 kg: Same as adult dose. Treatment duration should be according to patient's response and must not be extended beyond 14 days without reassessment.

Amoxicillin 200 mg and clavulanic acid 28.5 mg per 5 mL oral susp
Amoxicillin 400 mg and clavulanic acid 57 mg per 5 mL oral susp
<40 kg: 25 mg/3.6 mg/kg daily to 45 mg/6.4 mg/kg daily given in 2 divided doses. For otitis media and lower respiratory tract infections: Up to 70 mg/10 mg/kg daily may be given in 2 divided doses. Treatment duration should be according to patient's response and must not be extended beyond 14 days without reassessment.

Amoxicillin 500 mg and clavulanic acid 125 mg conventional tab
Amoxicillin 875 mg and clavulanic acid 125 mg conventional tab
≥40 kg: Same as adult dose. Treatment duration should be according to patient's response and must not be extended beyond 14 days without reassessment. Recommendations may vary among countries and between individual products (refer to local or specific product guidelines).

Oral
Acute bacterial sinusitis, Community-acquired pneumonia

Adult: Amoxicillin 1,000 mg and clavulanic acid 62.5 mg extended-release tab
2,000 mg/125 mg 12 hourly. Treatment duration: 10 days for acute bacterial sinusitis; 7-10 days for community-acquired pneumonia. Recommendations may vary among countries and between individual products (refer to local or specific product guidelines).
Child: ≥40 kg: Same as adult dose.

Các sản phẩm có chứa hoạt chất Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid tại Việt Nam?

Các thuốc khác

Acle
Alclav
Amelock
AMK
Ammoclone
Amocat
Amoclavic
Amogentine
Amoksiklav
Amolic
Amoxicillin Sodium and Clavulanate Potassium for injection
Amoxicillin/acid clavulanic Sandoz
Amoxsam
Augbactam
Augbidil
Augdim for I.V. Injection "Panbiotic"
Augentax
Augmentin Inj.
Augmentin Sachet
Augmentin Tablets
Augmex
Aumakin
Autarmin
Bactamox Plus
Bifoxit
Bilclamos
Bioment-Bid
Clamodia
Clavatrox
Clavmarksans DS
Clavophynamox
Clavsun
Clavucilin Dry Syrup
Clavurol
Clavutin
Clavuxel
Cledomox
Curam 250mg/5mL
Curam 625mg/Curam 1000mg
Duonasa
Duonasa 250
Enhancin
Enhancin Inj
Fleming
Franmetin
Fugentin
Getimox
Indclav
Intasclamo
Klamex
Klamoks
Klavunamox
Koact
Kuniclav
Medoclav
MGP Moxinase
Moxicle Duo
Noramoxical
Ofmantine-DOMESCO 1g
Oxnas
Oxnas duo suspension
Oxnas suspension
Peptimedi
Pharmaclav
Rapiclav
Reclav
Riclapen
Shinacin
Soonmelt
Surpas
Taromentin
Tasmoxil
Tedavi
Vigentin
Zentomentin CPC1

Xem thêm

Suy thận

Oral:
Acute bacterial sinusitis; Urinary tract infections; Cystitis; Pyelonephritis; Skin and soft tissue infections; Infected animal bites; Dental abscess with spreading cellulitis:
Haemodialysis patients: Adults and children ≥40 kg: As 250 mg/125 mg conventional tab: 500 mg/250 mg 24 hourly, then give an additional dose of 500 mg/250 mg during dialysis and repeated at the end of dialysis. As 500 mg/125 mg conventional tab, 125 mg/31.25 mg and 250 mg/62.5 mg per 5 mL oral susp: 500 mg/125 mg 24 hourly, then give an additional dose of 500 mg/125 mg during dialysis and repeated at the end of dialysis; children <40 kg: As 125 mg/31.25 mg and 250 mg/62.5 mg per 5 mL oral susp: 15 mg/3.75 mg/kg once daily. Give 15 mg/3.75 mg/kg prior to and after dialysis.

CrCl (mL/min)	Dosage
<10	Adults and children ≥40 kg: As 250 mg/125 mg conventional tab: 250 mg/125 mg once daily. As 500 mg/125 mg conventional tab, 125 mg/31.25 mg and 250 mg/62.5 mg per 5 mL oral susp: 500 mg/125 mg once daily; children <40 kg: As 125 mg/31.25 mg and 250 mg/62.5 mg per 5 mL oral susp: 15 mg/3.75 mg/kg given as single daily dose. Max: 500 mg/125 mg daily.
10-30	Adults and children ≥40 kg: As 250 mg/125 mg conventional tab: 250 mg/125 mg bid. As 500 mg/125 mg conventional tab, 125 mg/31.25 mg and 250 mg/62.5 mg per 5 mL oral susp: 500 mg/125 mg bid; children <40 kg: As 125 mg/31.25 mg and 250 mg/62.5 mg per 5 mL oral susp: 15 mg/3.75 mg/kg bid. Max: 500 mg/125 mg bid.

Acute otitis media; Lower respiratory tract infections; Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis; Community-acquired pneumonia; Bone and joint infections; Osteomyelitis:
Haemodialysis patients: Adults and children ≥40 kg: As 500 mg/125 mg conventional tab, 125 mg/31.25 mg and 250 mg/62.5 mg per 5 mL oral susp: 500 mg/125 mg 24 hourly, then give an additional dose of 500 mg/125 mg during dialysis and repeated at the end of dialysis; children <40 kg: As 125 mg/31.25 mg and 250 mg/62.5 mg per 5 mL oral susp: 15 mg/3.75 mg/kg once daily. Give 15 mg/3.75 mg/kg prior to and after dialysis.

CrCl (mL/min)	Dosage
<10	Adults and children ≥40 kg: As 500 mg/125 mg conventional tab, 125 mg/31.25 mg and 250 mg/62.5 mg per 5 mL oral susp: 500 mg/125 mg once daily; children <40 kg: As 125 mg/31.25 mg and 250 mg/62.5 mg per 5 mL oral susp: 15 mg/3.75 mg/kg given as single daily dose. Max: 500 mg/125 mg daily.
10-30	Adults and children ≥40 kg: As 500 mg/125 mg conventional tab, 125 mg/31.25 mg and 250 mg/62.5 mg per 5 mL oral susp: 500 mg/125 mg bid; children <40 kg: As 125 mg/31.25 mg and 250 mg/62.5 mg per 5 mL oral susp: 15 mg/3.75 mg/kg bid. Max: 500 mg/125 mg bid.

Community-acquired pneumonia; Acute bacterial sinusitis:
Haemodialysis patients: As 1,000 mg/62.5 mg extended-release tab: Contraindicated.

CrCl (mL/min)	Dosage
<30	As 1,000 mg/62.5 mg extended-release tab: Contraindicated.

Intravenous:
Upper respiratory tract infections; Ear, nose and/or throat infections; Lower respiratory tract infections; Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis; Community-acquired pneumonia; Genitourinary infections; Cystitis; Pyelonephritis; Skin and soft tissue infections; Dental abscess with spreading cellulitis; Infected animal bites; Bone and joint infections; Osteomyelitis; Intra-abdominal infections:
Haemodialysis patients: As 500 mg/100 mg or 1,000 mg/200 mg powder for solution for inj or infusion: Adults and children ≥40 kg: Initially, 1,000 mg/200 mg, followed by 500 mg/100 mg 24 hourly, then give an additional dose of 500 mg/100 mg at the end of dialysis; children <40 kg: 25 mg/5 mg/kg 24 hourly, then give an additional dose of 12.5 mg/2.5 mg/kg at the end of dialysis.

CrCl (mL/min)	Dosage
<10	As 500 mg/100 mg or 1,000 mg/200 mg powder for solution for inj or infusion: Adults and children ≥40 kg: Initially, 1,000 mg/200 mg, followed by 500 mg/100 mg 24 hourly; children <40 kg: 25 mg/5 mg/kg 24 hourly.
10-30	As 500 mg/100 mg or 1,000 mg/200 mg powder for solution for inj or infusion: Adults and children ≥40 kg: Initially, 1,000 mg/200 mg, followed by 500 mg/100 mg 12 hourly; children <40 kg: 25 mg/5 mg/kg 12 hourly.

Doses may be administered via slow IV inj over 3-4 minutes (except for children <3 months of age) or via IV infusion over 30-40 minutes.

Recommendations may vary among countries and between individual products (refer to local or specific product guidelines).

Cách dùng

Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid May be taken with or without food. Recommendations on taking w/ or w/o food and breaking/crushing tab are product specific. Consult product literature for specific recommendations.
Amoxicillin trihydrate + Clavulanate potassium May be taken with or without food. Best taken at the start of meals for better absorption & to reduce GI discomfort.

Hướng dẫn pha thuốc

Powder for oral susp: Reconstitute with the appropriate volume of water as indicated on the label. Invert and shake well until suspended and before each use. Powder for solution for IV inj or infusion: IV inj: Reconstitute vials labelled as 500 mg/100 mg and 1,000 mg/200 mg with 10 mL and 20 mL of water for inj, respectively. IV infusion: Further dilute the 500 mg/100 mg and 1,000 mg/200 mg reconstituted solution to 50 mL and 100 mL of infusion fluid (e.g. water for inj, NaCl 0.9% inj), respectively. Powder for solution for IV infusion: Reconstitute vial labelled as 2,000 mg/200 mg with 20 mL of water for inj. Further dilute immediately the 2,000 mg/200 mg reconstituted solution to 100 mL of infusion fluid (e.g. water for inj, NaCl 0.9% inj). Refer to detailed product guidelines for further compatible infusion fluids and their stability.

Tương kỵ

Powder for solution for IV inj or infusion: Incompatible with blood products, other proteinaceous fluids (e.g. protein hydrolysates), IV lipid emulsions, aminoglycosides, and infusions containing glucose, dextran, or bicarbonate.

Chống chỉ định

Hypersensitivity to amoxicillin, clavulanic acid, or other β-lactam antibiotics (e.g. penicillin, cephalosporin). History of cholestatic jaundice or hepatic impairment associated with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid treatment. Suspected or confirmed infectious mononucleosis. As extended-release tab: Severe renal impairment (CrCl <30 mL/min) and patients on haemodialysis.

Thận trọng

Patients with reduced urine output. Atopic patients. This medicine is available in multiple formulations with varying contents of clavulanic acid or amoxicillin-clavulanic acid ratio; hence, dosage forms and certain preparations are not interchangeable. Monitor patient when switching between dosage forms or preparations. Renal (including haemodialysis patients) and hepatic impairment. Children. Pregnancy and lactation.

Tác dụng không mong muốn

Significant: Antibiotic-associated (non-Clostridioides difficile) diarrhoea; fungal or bacterial superinfection (prolonged use); convulsions (at high doses or in patients with renal impairment); drug-induced enterocolitis syndrome (mainly in children); immediate hypersensitivity reaction (e.g. urticaria, angioedema); morbilliform rash (particularly in patients with mononucleosis). Rarely, prothrombin time prolongation; crystalluria (mostly with high parenteral doses in patients with reduced urine output).
Gastrointestinal disorders: Nausea, vomiting, indigestion, black hairy tongue.
Infections and infestations: Mucocutaneous candidiasis.
Investigations: Increased AST/ALT.
Nervous system disorders: Headache, dizziness.
Reproductive system and breast disorders: Vaginal mycosis, vaginitis.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Rash, pruritus.
Potentially Fatal: Severe hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylactic or anaphylactoid reactions, and severe cutaneous adverse reactions (e.g. acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis); Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhoea or pseudomembranous colitis. Rarely, hepatic dysfunction (e.g. cholestatic jaundice, hepatitis).

Phân loại thai kỳ (US FDA)

Parenteral/PO: B

Chỉ số theo dõi

Perform culture and susceptibility tests; consult local institutional recommendations before treatment initiation due to antibiotic resistance risks. Obtain hypersensitivity history from the patient prior to therapy. Periodically monitor the hepatic, renal and haematologic functions, especially with prolonged treatment. Assess for signs of infection at baseline and throughout the treatment; anaphylaxis during 1st dose.

Quá liều

Symptoms: Gastrointestinal effects, disturbance in fluid and electrolyte balances, crystalluria resulting in renal failure, and convulsions (in patients with renal impairment). Management: Symptomatic and supportive treatment. Monitor water or electrolyte balance. May consider haemodialysis for removal from the circulation.

Tương tác

Reduced pre-dose concentrations of mycophenolate mofetil active metabolite. May reduce the efficacy of combined oral estrogen/progesterone contraceptives.
Amoxicillin: Increased risk of allergic skin reactions with allopurinol. Decreased renal tubular secretion resulting in increased and prolonged serum concentration with probenecid. May increase INR when given with oral anticoagulants (e.g. acenocoumarol, warfarin). May reduce the excretion of methotrexate leading to increased risk of toxicity.

Tương tác với thức ăn

Amoxicillin: Increased absorption and decreased gastrointestinal upset with food.

Ảnh hưởng đến kết quả xét nghiệm

Amoxicillin: May cause false-positive results in urine glucose tests using Clinitest^®, Benedict's solution, or Fehling's solution.
Clavulanic acid: May result in false-positive Coombs test.

Tác dụng

Description:
Mechanism of Action: Amoxicillin, a semi-synthetic penicillin, inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to 1 or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), thereby blocking the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in the bacterial cell walls and causing eventual bacterial lysis.
Clavulanic acid, a β-lactam structurally related to penicillin, binds and inhibits β-lactamases, thereby preventing amoxicillin inactivation and expanding the spectrum of activity.
Synonym(s): Co-amoxiclav.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption: Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Bioavailability: Approx 70% (oral).
Amoxicillin: Increased absorption and decreased gastrointestinal upset with food. Time to peak plasma concentration: Approx 1-2 hours.
Clavulanic acid: Time to peak plasma concentration: 1.5 hours.
Distribution: Distributed into the gallbladder, abdominal tissue, skin, fat, muscle tissues, synovial and peritoneal fluids, bile and pus (IV). Crosses the placenta and enters breast milk (small amounts).
Amoxicillin: Readily distributed into the lungs, prostate, middle ear effusions, maxillary sinus secretions, liver, bone, and ascitic fluid; poorly enters the CSF (except when meninges are inflamed). Volume of distribution: Approx 0.3-0.4 L/kg. Plasma protein binding: Approx 20%.
Clavulanic acid: Volume of distribution: Approx 0.2 L/kg. Plasma protein binding: Approx 25%.
Metabolism: Amoxicillin: Metabolised to a limited extent into inactive penicilloic acid.
Clavulanic acid: Extensively metabolised.
Excretion: Amoxicillin: Mainly via urine (60% as unchanged drug). Elimination half-life: Approx 1-1.5 hours.
Clavulanic acid: Via urine (25-40% as unchanged drug); faeces. Elimination half-life: Approx 1 hour.

Đặc tính

Chemical Structure Image — **Amoxicillin**

Bảo quản

Tab/Powder for oral susp: Store at or below 25°C. Protect from moisture. Reconstituted oral susp: Store between 2-8°C. Do not freeze. Powder for solution for IV inj or infusion: Store intact vial below 25°C. Reconstituted IV solution: May store at 25°C for 15 minutes. Diluted solution for IV infusion: May store at 25°C for 60 minutes. Storage and stability recommendations may vary among countries and individual products (refer to specific product guidelines).

Phân loại MIMS

Penicillin

Phân loại ATC

J01CR02 - amoxicillin and beta-lactamase inhibitor ; Belongs to the class of penicillin combinations, including beta-lactamase inhibitors. Used in the systemic treatment of infections.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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Amoxicillin and Clavulanate. UpToDate Lexidrug, Lexi-Drugs Multinational Online. Waltham, MA. UpToDate, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 31/05/2024.

Amoxicillin. UpToDate Lexidrug, Lexi-Drugs Multinational Online. Waltham, MA. UpToDate, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 31/05/2024.

Amoxicillin; Clavulanic Acid. Gold Standard Drug Database in ClinicalKey [online]. Elsevier Inc. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed 21/08/2024.

Anon. Amoxicillin/Clavulanate. AHFS Clinical Drug Information [online]. Bethesda, MD. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. https://www.ahfscdi.com. Accessed 02/05/2024.

Augmentin Suspension (GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceutical Sdn. Bhd.). National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency - Ministry of Health Malaysia. https://www.npra.gov.my. Accessed 02/05/2024.

Augmentin Tablets (GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceutical Sdn. Bhd.). National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency - Ministry of Health Malaysia. https://www.npra.gov.my. Accessed 02/05/2024.

Augmentin XR Tablet, Film Coated, Extended Release (Physicians Total Care, Inc.). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed. Accessed 02/05/2024.

Buckingham R (ed). Amoxicillin. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 02/05/2024.

Buckingham R (ed). Clavulanic Acid. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 02/05/2024.

Clavicin Powder for Injection (Unimed Sdn. Bhd.). National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency - Ministry of Health Malaysia. https://www.npra.gov.my. Accessed 02/05/2024.

Co-amoxiclav 1,000 mg/200 mg Powder for Solution for Injection/Infusion (Sandoz Limited). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 02/05/2024.

Co-amoxiclav 2,000 mg/200 mg Powder for Solution for Infusion (IBIGEN Srl). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 21/08/2024.

Co-amoxiclav 250 mg/125 mg Film-coated Tablets (Torrent Pharma [UK] Ltd.). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 02/05/2024.

Co-amoxiclav 250/62.5 mg/5 mL Powder for Oral Suspension (Sandoz Limited). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 02/05/2024.

Co-amoxiclav 457 mg/5 mL Suspension (Medreich Plc). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 02/05/2024.

Co-amoxiclav 500 mg/100 mg Powder for Solution for Injection/Infusion (Sandoz Limited). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 02/05/2024.

Co-amoxiclav 500 mg/125 mg Film-coated Tablets (Rivopharm UK Ltd.). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 02/05/2024.

Co-amoxiclav 875 mg/125 mg Film-coated Tablets (Brown & Burk UK Ltd). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 02/05/2024.

Co-amoxiclav Sugar Free 200 mg/28.5 mg/5 mL Powder for Oral Suspension (Brown & Burk UK Limited). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 02/05/2024.

GlaxoSmithKline NZ Limited. Augmentin 125 mg/31.25 mg Powder for Oral Suspension; Augmentin Forte 250 mg/62.5 mg Powder for Oral Suspension; Augmentin 500 mg/125 mg Film Coated Tablet data sheet 13 February 2024. Medsafe. http://www.medsafe.govt.nz. Accessed 02/05/2024.

Joint Formulary Committee. Co-amoxiclav. British National Formulary [online]. London. BMJ Group and Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 02/05/2024.

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Xinclav 1.2 g (Healol Pharmaceuticals Sdn. Bhd.). National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency - Ministry of Health Malaysia. https://www.npra.gov.my. Accessed 02/05/2024.

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