Adult: For the relief of dyspnoea or other symptoms caused by respiratory obstructive disturbance: As dry powder inhaler: Usual dose: 20 mcg (2 puffs) as directed up to 4 times daily. Dosage may be adjusted according to the severity of symptoms and patient age. Elderly: Dosage adjustment may be required.
Adult: For the relief of dyspnoea or other symptoms caused by respiratory obstructive disturbance: As tab or syr: 50 mcg once daily before bedtime, or 50 mcg bid (in the morning and before bedtime). Dosage must be adjusted according to the severity of symptoms and patient age. Elderly: Dosage adjustment may be required. Child: May refer to specific product guideline.
What are the brands available for Procaterol in Malaysia?
Meptin
Administration
Procaterol May be taken with or without food.
Special Precautions
Patient with heart disease, hypertension, hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus. Not a substitute for inhaled corticosteroids or other anti-inflammatory agents. Elderly. Pregnancy and lactation.
Adverse Reactions
Significant: May exacerbate hyperthyroidism or diabetes mellitus; increased blood pressure, acute asthma episodes (during prolonged use for bronchial asthma); palpitations, exacerbated heart disease; shock, anaphylactoid reactions; decreased serum K levels. Ear and labyrinth disorders: Tinnitus. Gastrointestinal disorders: Nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, gastric discomfort. General disorders and administration site conditions: Generalised malaise or fatigue. Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders: Muscle spasticity. Nervous system disorders: Headache or dull headache, tremors, dizziness, numbness of limbs, drowsiness. Psychiatric disorders: Insomnia. Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: Nasal congestion, tracheopharyngeal abnormal feeling. Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Rash, pruritus, cold sweat. Vascular disorders: Facial flushing. Potentially Fatal: Cardiac arrhythmias or arrest (continuous excessive doses).
Monitoring Parameters
Closely monitor serum K levels (particularly in hypoxic patients); signs and symptoms of shock or anaphylactoid reactions.
Overdosage
Oral: Symptoms: Tachycardiac arrhythmia, hypotension, tremor, nervousness, hypokalaemia, hyperglycaemia. Management: Perform gastric lavage, if necessary. Provide emergency treatment and general maintenance therapy, if necessary. In case of serious tachycardiac arrhythmia, careful administration of β-blockers (e.g. propranolol) may be considered.
Drug Interactions
May result in aggravated decrease in serum K levels and cardiac adverse effects with corticosteroids (e.g. betamethasone, hydrocortisone), xanthine derivatives (e.g. theophylline), and diuretics (e.g. furosemide). Potentially Fatal: Catecholamines (e.g. epinephrine, isoprenaline) potentiate the adrenoceptor stimulating effects of procaterol, which may lead to arrhythmias or cardiac arrest.
Lab Interference
May suppress skin reactions in allergen testing.
Action
Description: Mechanism of Action: Procaterol, a direct-acting sympathomimetic with predominantly β-adrenoceptor stimulant action selective to β2-adrenergic receptors, is a bronchodilator with similar activity to salbutamol. Onset: Within 5 minutes (inhalation). Duration: Up to 8 hours (inhalation). Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Time to peak plasma concentration: 1.3±0.7 hours (oral); 15 minutes (inhalation). Excretion: Via urine (oral: 9.93% or 11.65%; inhalation: 14.36%).
Chemical Structure
Procaterol Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 4916, Pro-Air. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Pro-Air. Accessed Mar. 26, 2021.
R03AC16 - procaterol ; Belongs to the class of adrenergic inhalants, selective beta-2-adrenoreceptor agonists. Used in the treatment of obstructive airway diseases. R03CC08 - procaterol ; Belongs to the class of adrenergics for systemic use, selective beta-2-adrenoreceptor agonists. Used in the treatment of obstructive airway diseases.
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