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Indications and Dosage
Intramuscular, Intravenous
Susceptible Gram-negative infections, Susceptible staphylococcal infections Adult: 15 mg/kg daily in 2 divided doses via IM inj or IV infusion over 30-60 minutes. Adjust the dose according to plasma kanamycin concentrations. Dosage and treatment recommendations may vary among individual products and between countries (refer to specific product information or local guidelines).
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What are the brands available for Kanamycin in Indonesia?
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Other Known Brands
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Renal Impairment
Dose adjustment may be needed.
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Reconstitution
IV infusion: Reconstitute a vial labelled as 1 g with 3 mL of NaCl 0.9% or sterile water for inj; shake the vial for 2-3 minutes to dissolve. Thereafter, further dilute the reconstituted solution in a compatible IV fluid. Recommendations for reconstitution and dilution may vary among individual products (refer to specific product guidelines).
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Incompatibility
Incompatible with certain penicillins (may accelerate the degradation of kanamycin in vitro).
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Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to kanamycin and other aminoglycosides.
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Special Precautions
Patient with pre-existing vertigo, tinnitus, or hearing loss; neuromuscular disorders (e.g. myasthenia gravis). Renal impairment. Pregnancy and lactation.
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Adverse Reactions
Significant: Nephrotoxicity, electrolyte imbalance (e.g. hypocalcaemia, hypokalaemia, hypomagnesaemia), changes in hepatic function; neuromuscular blockade, respiratory paralysis, neurotoxicity (primarily bilateral ototoxicity and sometimes vestibular ototoxicity); fungal or bacterial superinfection (prolonged use), including Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhoea and pseudomembranous colitis.
Gastrointestinal disorders: Nausea, vomiting; malabsorption syndrome (prolonged use). General disorders and administration site conditions: Inj site reactions (e.g. pain, inflammation, bruising, haematoma). Nervous system disorders: Headache. Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Rash. |
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IM/Inhalation/Respiratory/Irrigation/IV/Parenteral/PO: D
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Monitoring Parameters
Perform culture and susceptibility tests; consult local institutional recommendations before treatment initiation due to antibiotic resistance risks. Obtain kanamycin peak and trough concentrations, especially in patients with renal impairment. Monitor renal, hearing and vestibular function at baseline and monthly during treatment; serum electrolytes (e.g. Ca, Mg, K) periodically during treatment; LFTs.
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Action
Description:
Mechanism of Action: Kanamycin is an aminoglycoside antibacterial agent that interferes with bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit. Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Time to peak plasma concentration: 1 hour (IM). Distribution: Crosses the placenta and enters breast milk. Excretion: Via urine (as unchanged drug). Elimination half-life: 2-3 hours. |
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Chemical Structure
 Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 6032, Kanamycin. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Kanamycin. Accessed July 26, 2024. |
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Storage
Intact vial: Store below 25°C.
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MIMS Class
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ATC Classification
J01GB04 - kanamycin ; Belongs to the class of other aminoglycosides. Used in the systemic treatment of infections.
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References
Brayfield A, Cadart C (eds). Kanamycin Acid Sulfate. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 18/06/2024. Kanamycin Sulfate Injection (T.P. Drug). MIMS Thailand. http://www.mims.com/thailand. Accessed 18/06/2024. Kanamycin. UpToDate Lexidrug, Lexi-Drugs Multinational Online. Waltham, MA. UpToDate, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 18/06/2024.
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